Machine for handling fluid material for treating pavement subgrade materials



4 Sheets-Shet 1 Arramvsrsz J. W. POULTER Filed Feb. 3, 1941 Jan. 30, 1945.

MACHINE FOR HANDLING FLUID MATERIAL FOR TREATING- PAVEMENT SUBGRADE MATERIALS Jan. 30, 1945. I J. w. POULTER MACHINE FOR HANDLING FLUID MATERIAL FOR TREATING PAVEMENT SUBGRADE MATERIALs 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Feb. 3. 1941 8; y /m%w Arrokzvexs.

Jan. 30, 1945. '.J. w. POULTER 3 5 MACHINE FOR HANDLING FLUID MATERIAL FOR TREATING PAVEMENT SUBGRADE MATERIALS Filed Feb. 3, 1941 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 I I 29 14 's2.-

W 2 f O J. w. PO NE FOR HANDLING T ATING P ULTER FLUID MATERIAL FOR UBGRADE TERIA Jan. 30, 1945.

4 Sheets-Sheet 4 MEN AVE T S Filed Feb.

llllllll" III/IIIIIII/II/I/IIIIII/l Patented Jan. 30, 1945 MACHINE .FOR HANDLING FLUID MATERIAL.

FOR TREATING PAVEMENT SUBGRADE MATERIALS John W. Poulter, Milwaukee, Wis, assignor to Koehring Company, Milwaukee, Wis., a corporation Application February 3, 1941,, Serial- No. 377,270,-

(Gael-39;)

18 Claims.

- This; invention has relation to. the art of road maintenance, and correction of road surfacin misalignment, and. treatment ofv subgrade or soil conditions beneath and adjacent to roadv struc-- 'tures. I

In certain respects the invention is a, carrying forward of the inventions of my Patents Nos. 1,915,032, issued June 20, 1933;-1,.969,324, issued August 7, 1934;; 2,074,756, issuedMarch 23, 1937; and 2,041,266, issued. May 19, 1936. Particularly, this invention involves certain? improvements and features increasing the. adaptability of the machines such as proposed in the Patents Nos. 1,969,324 and 2,074,756 above mentioned, to enable the. machines ofthis type to do additional work required for solving certain problems. of road maintenance and grade correction such aS have arisen in connection with modern concrete andsimilar' roads, due to the increasing travel over such roads of heavy vehicles.

- The present. invention is an improved machine related most closely to the type of my previous I Patent No. 1,969,324 in that the present invention utilizes many features of the design of the last mentioned patent in conjunction with the 5' added improvements that enable the machine of the said patent to be employed with increased usefulness inv the treatment of the soil and subgradematerials beneathv road structures such as found all over the country today.

In the use of hard roads such as concrete, as

well known, the road is made up usually of units comprising slabs arranged end for end and separated -by what are called joints providin for ex pansion and contraction of the slabs and thus the Whole road structure under different conditions of heat and cold.

It has been found in practice that. the travel of heavy vehicles over roads of this type. and over such roads where cracks appear from timeto time due to settlement of non-uniform subgrade materials or other natural causes, the Weight of the heavy vehicles, will under normalconditions produce. a certain amount of vertical movement of a. slab and that this vertical movement is greater as the wheel of. a vehicle carryingload approaches the point or pointswhere the slabs come together, or where the edges of cracked portions come together. It is common for water to collect. beneath the road and especially at joints, or beneath. parts of the road where cracks appear, and while the actual verticaldisplacement of the'slab or section of the road at thesepoints is very slight at first, it will increase under even The results of: such. movement, are very serious in-theefiect produced upon the subgrade. or materials underneath. as well as the road structure itself.. Asa matter of fact, since water. will collect beneath the road, the'greater vertical :di'splacement-ofthe slab at, the cracks or joints under heavy vehicle travel is such as to produce'what is known as pumping,, which mean that the wateradjacent; the joint or crack is'either forced; forward or backward and out at the-joint or crack or laterally, and out at the edge of the slab betWeengi-t' and the shoulder material or both. ;The, comparativelyhigh velocity of the water near ajointor crack caused 'by the greater displacement of theslab at-these points washes 'away some oi the grade material immediately adjacent the lower side of the slab and. near the joints or. cracks. This allows for a greater accumulation ofwater: near the joint or crack, which results in a. greater rate of washing and slab break-up because of loss of subgrade support. i I

-'I have discovered. a new method and means for correcting the, sometimes disastrous action of pumping, as above-mentioned, which-tendsto break up or disintegrate the roadstructure, and

I- have inventedj'a" new composition of material that will. be caused by the-use of my method to penetrate and spread over andinto the subgrade materials: of the road so as to re-establish the integrity, so to speak, of the subgrade materials to cause them to fully support the road and correct the detectsmentioned... Thisis doneby re, placin the displaced material as well as by reestablishing' the firmness or stability of the subgrade material immediately adjacent the affected area and-in'this' connection" I-employ the'new filler composition: which]? have referred-to above, emplacing it by usev of air. employed in a peculiar manner in conjunction therewith in the opera-- structure proposed in my Patent 1,969,324 and 2,074,756'hereinbefore referred-to;

- The necessity for use of air-under-pressure I in conjunction with; the emplacement of the new composition of materials caused to be introduced into the subgrade through the road structure itself or from the side-thereof has required that means beemployed in conjunction with the machines I have heretoiore. invented for handlin the. air phase. of my; process oi correcting the grade. conditions, and a machine embodying the h y r audmay ecome as much as %"or 5? improvementsjof the. present described inven-v tion I have found will do this work very effectively.

The machine of my present invention comprises very generally the construction of my machine of Patent No. 1,969,324 wherein I utilize a mixer for the so-called mud which heretofore has been a cementitious material added to water and certain loamy soils of predetermined character. However, now I employ in my machine and mix thereby a treatment material of fluid nature as before, including water in large proportion admixed with approximately cement and approximately 10% asphalt or asphaltic oil or like bituminous matter. The socalled mud or treatment material is fed to a mechanical moving means in the form of a cylinder and piston which forces the fluid treatment material to the point, of introduction or application of the same to the sub-soil or subgrade materials beneath the road structure and I now provide with this machine the additional improvements of the air handling instrumentalities that conduct air under pressure to the fluid treatment material introducing nozzle and control the supply of this air under pressure so that it works intermittently or pulsatively in its direct action On the fluid treatment material. The surge effect produced by the air along with the slight rising and falling of the slab caused by the intermittent flow of both the air and mud give a much more complete filling of all voids beneath the slab than if the mud was used alone, or if the rate of flow was uniform. Reference in the above connection is made to my copending method application executed of even date herewith, filed February 1'7, 1941, Serial No. 379,365.

The machine of this invention will be understood as to its construction and operation upon reference to the following specification and accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a diagrammatic view of my machine with its associated hopper vehicle that supplies the fluid treatment materials to the mixer and receives overflow of such materials from the mixer under certain conditions of service.

Figure 2- is an enlarged side view of the machine, a side of the hood of the engine being removed for disclosure of parts contained beneath the hood and illustrating the general arrangement of the conduits, both for air and for the fluid treatment material, and the nozzle units that are manually controlled and to which the several air and fluid material conduits lead for supply purposes.

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2, but looking at my machine from the opposite side.

Figure 4 is asectional view taken through the piston and cylinder units of the machine and about on the line 4-4 of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a sectional view of a detail feature of the machine taken on the line 5-5 of Figure 3. Figure 6 is a view partly in section showing one of the nozzle units with the control valves and operating means therefor such as may be employed in conjunction with my machine 'for directin'g the passage of the fluid treatment material through holes in the road structure.

Figure 7 is a view similar to Figure 6 but illustrating another type of nozzle unit adaptable for the purposes of the machine of this invention.

Describing my invention with specific reference to the drawings and particular reference to Figure 1 of the latter, I note that the machine of this invention is designated generally at A and may or may not be employed in conjunction with the hopper supply vehicle B. It is convenient to employ the vehicle B under certain working conditions, the latter being in the nature of a trailer construction including a hopper body B mounted on rear wheels I and connected by any suitable trailer hitch 2 to the rear of my machine'A. The purpose of the hopper vehicle B is to receive the aggregates of materials that are to be mixed in themixer 3 of my machine in sufificiently large quantitie to make sure that an ample supply of the treatment materials will be had to enable the machine A to carry on its work for a considerable period oftime.

The machine A is more fully illustrated in Figures 2 and 3 of the drawings and comprises certain features of construction similar to those disclosed in my Patent 1,969,324 including a mixer comprising the mixing chamber 4, mixing blades 5 in said chamber carried by the oper ating shaft 6, a suitable engine 1 for supplying the power for driving the shaft through the intermediary of any suitable transmission mechanism,

not material to the invention, and operating levers or beam 8. The operating levers or beams 8 are actuated by pitman rods or links 9 connected thereto and leading to cranks ID on an operating shaft H so that the levers 8 will be moved upwardly and downwardly during the rotation of said shaft H.

Similar to the manner presented in my last mentioned patent, the levers 8 are pivotally supported upon the body of the mixer 3 at one end as shown at 8' and at the other end at 8". Said levers are pivotally connected to the upper ends of piston rods l2 and 3i, seen best in Figure 4. The piston rod [2 is immovably connected to the piston 13 in a cylinder M by anchoring the valve 15 at the lower end of the rod IE to the valve seat l6 by means of a clamp plate i1 held in place by nuts l8.

' At its lower end the cylinder M is connected by a relatively large conduit or flexible hose I9 '45 that leads to the lower portion of the hopper vehicle B so that the fluid treatment material in'the latter may be supplied to the lower end of the cylinder moving thereinto past a suitable valve 20 spring actuated to remain normally seated until unseated by the upward suction stroke of the piston l3. When the fluid treatment material which is referred to hereinafter as mud, being so termed'in the art of use of my machines, is drawn into the lower end of the suction cylinder (4 by the up-stroke of the piston 13, it is forced out of the cylinder l4 upon the down stroke of said piston and when so forced passes through a conduit 2i connected with a vertical pipe 22, in turn connected to a horizontal pipe 23 which leads to a casing 24 at the rear end of the mixing chamber 4. From the casing 24 the mud under the pumping action of the piston 13 passes through an opening 25 into the mix ng chamber. An overflow pipe 26 leads from the mixing chamber through the casing 24 back to the interior of the hopper vehicle B. The level of the mud or fluid conduits of the mixer is governed by employing a pivoted pipe section 21 shiftable about its point of connection with the overflow pipe 26, as seen in Figure 5, and, by raise ing and lowering the upper open end of the pipe section 21, the level of the fluid material in the mixer may be increased and decreased, respectively. i

It will be understood, of course, that the conaae'aces duit 19-: may lead. from. any: suitable source. of

- supply of mud? and. likewise the. overflow. pipe ifi mightxbeconnected to any suitable receptacle tovwhich. the excess mud or fluid material in the mixer maybe desired to be led.

The front end. of. themixing chamber 4. isin communication, by n opening 28, with a pressure. cylinder. 29 arranged. alongside andxspaced from the cylinder; H, see Figure 4. In the eviinder 29 is arranged the piston 30.: operatedby the relatively movable piston rod 3| carrying the correspondingly movable valve 32 adapted to be seated and'unseated' relative to the valve seat33. The valve 32- and piston 30 operate in a manner similar to corresponding parts: as illustrated in Figure 3- of my Patent 1,969,324. A relatively narrow member of substantially a U-shape is mounted; and has its ends fixed to the piston head forming a ball member 30a. This member 3012 serves as a guide for the relatively movable piston rod 3|, and permits: the mud to flow In other words, when the valve 32 closes downupon its seat 33 upon the down stroke: of thepiston 30,. the mud which hasprevlously passed downwardly from the mixing chamber 4 through the piston 30 to the lower end of the rial or mud and to provide a. safety means. for

purposes. more fullytobe understood upon description .of' other parts made hereinafter. The

. valve, 32' is carried by the. piston rod section 3}, as. previously stated, and this piston rod section is: free to move in the upper rod section 31, the

latter having a hollow portion 31a that forms a spring barrel in which the spring 38 is seated, said spring bearing at its lower end against a collar 39 fixed to the rod'section 3| adapted to abut with the lower closed end of a. cap 40 which screws onto the lower extremity of the spring barrel portion 31a of the rod section 31. The cap it is prevented from displacement by a lock nut 41. The upper end of the spring38- has a bearing against the upper extremity of the hollow portion or barrel section. 310. of the member 31.

The distance between the lower'side of the cap 402 and: the top portion ofthe piston 30 is slightly greater than the travel necessary to cause the valve 32 to contact its seat 33in the piston 30.

In view of the foregoing, the full force required tooperate the piston up to the amount necessary to compress thespring 38 is. carried by the spring. When this pressure is suflicient to compress the spring 38, the lower portion of the cap 40 will come in contact with the. upper end of the piston 30 and move the piston so that the pressure in the cylinder will continue to build up until the pressure, against the valve 32 is sufiicicnt, to compress the spring 38 still further. This permits the valve 32 to open and the piston to complete its stroke without any further building up of the pressure in the cylinder 29 even though the discharge or discharges leading from the, cylinder may be closed, it being understood that these discharges comprise the flexible hose or conduits :by which the "mud" or fluid treatment material is carried from the cylinder 29 to the place or places of use thereof,-

, As shown in Figure 2, there. are. three mud from themixing chamber through the valve seat referred to.

lines: 35: that lead.- fromv the. mud manifold. 35:: at the bottomof th'e cylinder-19, eachof-these mud lines. or conduits. 35- leading to. a nozzle unit,.onetype of which is illustrated; in Figure '1 of the drawingsand. another. type illustrated in Fi ure 6.. It is contemplated; according tothe improvements or this: invention, as largely distinguished from. the machine of the construction of my Patent.l ,969;324, tomake provisions for the supply of? air tozthe nozzle units at the ends of the conduits. 35; said supply; to be effected intermitten-lily.- or by pulsations, as. will appearmorefully hereinafter,

With: theforegoing in view,.as seen. in Figure 2; there is provided an air supply line 42' which extends to. the air manifold 4.3a mounted: adjacent: to the topofthe cylinder 29. In the length of the. air line or conduit 42a is located an automa-tic'airccntrol valve 43; which isv intermittentv tripped: to openand. closed pcsition 'by an actuating lever 4:4. The lever 44 is pivoted: intermediate its ends. and enga es: the stem "of: the valve 4.3; at. one. end oi the lever, The o posite end o th lever; 4. carries roller.- 5. operating onaa cam 4.61 carried by'the shaft I I that supports the. air; valve 43 will be opened, thus to supply airunder pressure intermittently from the pressure supply line- 42 tolthe manifold 43a, and from the manifold 4.3a to. thethree air conduits or hoses 41 by which the air is conducted, from the manifold, 43a to the three. nozzle: units previously vAby-nass.or branch. pipe 48 1eads' downward- 1y from the main. air supply pipe 42 and into the mud, manifold 3504. This icy-pass, pipeis controlled by a valve 4.9 normally. closed in the operation of. the, machine, but adap ed. to be op ned in. order to carry pr sure air. to the manifo d m. for low ng, o t. the manifold. d

.the"mu d conduits 35 leading therefrom as Well as thenozzle units thatv are connected. with sa d; c nduits 35. Provision is made by a valve 50 in a second icy-pass pipe 5| for supplying a continuous flow of pressure air to, the air manifold 43a, if, under certain, conditions, such air is desired in the operation 'of' the machine.

At the ends of each associated pair of mud and air conduits '35 and 41, respectively, as stated before, there is located one of the nozzle units employedfor the purposes of introducing the ffluid treatment material beneath the pavement. Figure 6 illustrates one of these units which comprises the nozzle proper 52 having the tubular extension 53 to connect with one of the conduits 35- and having a valve pipe extension 54 to connect with one of the airconduits 41. In the present instance, the pipe extension 54 communicates with a valved conduit 55 having the automatic valve b5 therein to control the passage of air therethrough to the pipe extension 53 and con; duit 35. A manually controlled cut-off valve 51 is connected with the pipe 54 and enable the entire cutting oil of the supply of air from the air conduit 41 or the regulating of the amount of air supplied to the conduit 55 according to the requirements of the particular workbeing per formed. Theair conduit 5.5 "that is controlled by the automatic valve 55 leads to the pipe exten: sion- 5.3: by a passage 55a communicating'both with the pipe extension 53 and hose conduit 35 and with the nozzle 52. The body 58 of the nozzle unit is provided with a chamber 59 into which the stem 50 of valve 56 extends, the said stem having a collar BI engaged by one end of a spring 62, the spring at the opposite end engaging a shoulder 63. The action of the spring 62 is to hold the automatic valve 56 closed until the pressure, of the mud or liquid treatment material in the nozzle 52 below the chamber 59 builds up sufficiently to raise a diaphragm 64 at the bottom of the chamber 59, thereby causing the diaphragm to' engage stem 66 of the valve 56 to move the valve to its upward open position and thereby permit the air supplied from the conduit 41 to enter the nozzle below the diaphragm 64 by way of the passage 55a.

Under the foregoing conditions'the operation of the nozzle unit, so far as the supply of air to the mud or liquid treatment material, is concerned, as it is received in the nozzle 52, is automatic. In other words, when the pressure force causing the mud to pass through the nozzle 52 is relieved, the air suppl from the conduit 41 will be cut on automatically through the action of the valve 56 and the diaphragm 64. For convenience in handling the nozzle unit just described, a suitable vertical handle 61 is employed having the hand piece 68 at its upper end. It will be understood that by manipulation of the handle 61 the nozzle 52 may be forced downwardly and wedged into the opening in the pavement through which the liquid treatment material or mud is to be introduced into voids or into the oil of the subgra-de of said pavement.

In Figure '7 there is illustrated another type of nozzle unit which may be described as comprising the nozzle proper 69 having a suitable coupling pipe for attaching one of the mud hoses or conduits 35 to supply the liquid treatment material to the nozzle 69. There is provided on pipe 10 a coupling connection for attachment of one of the air lines or conduits 41. A valve 12 between the point of the coupling 10 and the nozzle proper 69 controls the passage of the mud to the nozzle under the actuation of the valve by mean of a shaft 13 and handle 14 at the upper end of the shaft adjacent to the handle 15 of the unit. In like manner the valve H is adapted to be opened and closed by means of a handle rod 16, at the upper end of which is a hand piece 11 for manipulation purposes. From the valve H the air line leads, by pipe section 18 and union 19, to the nozzle 69 where the air enters from one side. The nozzle unit inciudes the handle rod 80 that leads up to the handle 15 from the coupling member Ill, and around this handle rod or standard, at its lower end, is a sleeve 8i. Near the upper end of the member 80 is a hollow boss 82 surrounding said member and carrying the supporting plate 83 which coacts with the parts 16 and 13 to support and guide same. I

On the standard or rod 80 is mounted a driving sleeve 84 which slides up and down the member 80 and at its lower end is adapted to impinge against the sleeve 8| while at its upper end it is adapted to impinge against the boss 82. A handle 85 is attached to the driving sleeve 84, and, by'manipulation of this handle and up and down movement of the sleeve 84, a hammering action of the sleeve against the lower sleeve 81 may be produced so as to drive the nozzle 59 into the opening of'the pavement through which the "mud is to pass beneath the pavement'str'ucture. In like manner, by up and down movements of the driving sleeve 84 to impinge it against the boss 82, an upward driving effect of the sleeve to act upon the upper portion of the nozzle unit may be produced for facilitating the removal of the nozzle 69 from the opening in the pavement into which it is wedged when the nozzle unit is being employed in the operation of my machine.

Description of operation of machine The liquid treatment material is supplied to the mixer with the ingredients thereof combined and largely composed of water, 60 to 80%, cement about 10%, and asphalt or asphaltic oil or like bituminous material, about 10%, through the conduit i9 that leads to the lower end of the cylinder I4. The action of the piston l3 upwardly draws the mud into the cylinder l4 and the action of said piston l3 downwardly forces the mud, by way of conduit 2! and pipe 22 and pipe 23, into the mixing chamber 4 through the casing 24. The turning blades 5 on the shaft 6 in the mixer agitate the said liquid treatment materials and combine them into a uniform mixture ready to be dispensed or ejected from the machine. I

Operation of the pressure piston 33, as previously described, will force mud received in the pressure cylinder 29 directly from the mixing chamber 4, out of the cylinder 29 through the various mud conduits 35, which are shown but any suitable number of which may be employed. The mud passes through the conduits 35 to the nozzle units at the outer end of the conduits, and the conduits 35 are sufficiently long that the nozzle units may be located many feet from the machine for the purpose of causing the introduction of the mud into different openings formed in the pavement structure to enter the voids or sub-soil under the pavement. As pressure is produced through the conduits 35 by the pressure action ofthe piston 33, forcing the mud through these conduits to the nozzles 52 for the type of unit illustrated in Figure 6, or to the nozzle 69 for the type of unit illustrated in Figure 7, air is intermittently supplied to the nozzle of the construction of Figure 6 by the automatic valve 56 actuated by the diaphragm 64. It will be observed that only when the pressure force of the piston 33 is acting upon the mud will the valve 55 of the unit of Figure 6 be opened to supply air to the mud to act thereon and therewith in order to spread the "mud and cause thorough penetration of the same into the space of the void beneath the pavement, or into the sub-soil materials beneath the pavement if there are no large voids.

When the nozzle unit of Figure 7 is employed, the air is admitted to the nozzle 69, opening the valve H by means of the handle 75. Of course, it is to be understood that in the use of the Figure 7 nozzle unit described, air is supplied intermittently only,. or by pulsations, so to speak, in the operation of the machine because the main air control valve 43 is an automatic actuating valve and is, operated at predetermined times under the control of the cam 48 and the lever 44. The air flow through the air manifold 43a and the hose lines 35 out to the mud nozzles starts just after and stops just before the mud flow, the latter being compelled of course by the pressure stroke of the piston 33 in the cylinder '29.

9358838833. The can-r Afiiis timed in its; actiomcn the; roller these. conditions, each nozzlewill' beworkedrin dependentlm; as regardsthe. valve: means; torshuti 011. the; same", and. move from; one; hole; in the: pavement to another-hole}. as necessary, without interfering with. the: other nozzles or: the; opera-- tionof' the machine; Thus; if one or two nozzles 01;: their; respective; nozzle units. are closed, the tendency of the pressure piston 30, to feed; too much material to. the, conduits 35. and all of thenozzlcs: is compensated for; by the actionof the spring 38; in permitting: yielding of thevalvetz to; open; position so that stoppage or. shutting 0, 1 1; any. one Ofuthe mud lines 35. willmerely cause, the Surplus material that isnot being fed from; the" shut Ofil nozzles to: pass hackwardly; or upwardly through the: passage in the-piston 30,, by: the valve,- 32 ,v and into, v the upper; portion of theicylinder. 29 or-b'ach intothe chamber 1.. Thus; it; will; be. seen, that. the mixing chamber 4 dis.-

for treatment of. pavement structures: and the like; in combinatiom. a chamber for supplying fluid treatment material, a flexible? conduit for. conveying said material; toa place; or applieationi thereof,, a nozzle unit controlling the passage of material from said conduit to the: pointof ulse of? the: material; pressure means: including-1 a piston for forcing. the; material through: the said cor-1' duit under pressureactuating mechanism for-op erating' the saidpressure means;. and a" pressurerelief. valve mechanism acting when: the pressure in: the said' material conveying: conduit reaches a predetermined amount; to prevent buildingup of" pressure: in the last. mentioned conduit such might. burst. said. last. conduit, including a valveon'the pistonl 3; In a machinefor supplying. fluidi treatment material to= subgrade materials on pavement structures: and thelike, in combinationr; a fluid;

-. treatment material chamber,. pressure means to" charges directly intothe pressure. cylinder and: I

safety; device-by which the piston Ell-workingwith...

thevalye 32; 0105861011 its seat: is preventediirom exertingzsuch an. amount of: pressure as to, tendv tojburst." the hose lines 35.

- There: may be times when a continuous.- application of, airto .thefmud. lines 35 might be desirableforrcertain types of work. to be performed bymhe; apparatus under which conditions-recourse may beghadto the'usezof the valve to open.

theg-air'linefllto themanifold 43a completely- 4 and :for the ,desiredperiod optima.

The; technique of. theuseoi the air in-..con.--- junction-with the mud or fluid treatment-mas terialihandled; by my machine may becvariedaoa cording; to the different types ofr workuthatlare;

torbeperformed by the machine 1 Having thus; described my invention, what I.-

claim as new and desire to: secure by Letters Ratent of. the United States is 1,. v In 'a; machine for. supplying. fluid material for treatment of. pavement structures andthe.

1ike,. ,in,combination,. a chamber for supplying fluid treatmentmaterial, a flexible conduit for conveying saidmaterialto a place of application thereof, a' nozzle unit controlling the passage" or" material from saidco'nduit to thep'o'int" of use of" thematerial; pressure meansfor'forcing thematerial through the conduit; aotuating' mechanism foroperating the said pressure'means, and a pre'ssure relief-valve mechanism acting when-thepres sure in the said material conveying conduit reaches a-pre'determined amount-toprevent building up of 'pressure in the lastmentioned-conduit such assmight burst: said. last conduit:

. 2111118; machine? for: supplying; fluid: material?! passing'through' the latter; valve meanscontro1- ling the air supplied to theair feed conduit from: the air supply conduit;- and automatic operating devicesfor. working said valve means to open the valve means before and" after the pressure means. operates to force fluid material through-thefluid material conduit.

4; In a machine for supplying" fluid: material for treatment of pavement-structures andthe? like; in. combination; a chamber for supplying v fluidv treatment material, a; conduit :ror conveying? sai FmateriaI to a pl-acerof: application the'reott anozzler unitcontrolling the passage of'm'ateriali from saidtconduit'to'the point of use of the mate rial, pressure means for. forcing the material 7 treatment of pavement structures and; the liker-l incombination, a. chamber for supplyingfluid.

treatment material, pressure means associated: with said chamber for subjecting the-said mate rialitopressure, a plurality ofrmaterial conduits: connected with said pressuremeans andthrough which the'material is forcedthereby; a nozzle? unit for each of. saidEm a-terial conduits-through which the material passes to the p'lace of use,

reachinozzle unit comprisinga cutoifinstrumen' tality, for:closhig..the nozzleunit and stopping the: passage: of material therethrough', .thepressure: means aforesaid; comprising a relief valve m'ech anism operable when-the I passage of the-mate: rial from" a nozzle or nozzles is cut off to reduce or discontinue the aotionzof; the pr'essur 'imeans in forcing the fluid material throughtheicon'duits.

7. Inia' machine-for supplying fluidmaterial for treatment-pr pavement structures anal the like-\ int combination;.-, ail chamber; [for supplyingrzfluidr treatment material, pressure means associated with said chamber for subjecting the said material to pressure, a plurality of flexible hose material conduits connected with said pressure means and through which the material is forced thereby, a nozzle unit for each of said material conduits through which the material passes to the place of use, each nozzle unit comprising a. cutoii instrumentality for closing the nozzle unit and stopping the passage of material therethrough, the pressure means aforesaid comprising a relief valve mechanism operable when the passage of the material from a nozzle or nozzles is cut off to'reduce or discontinue the action of the pressure means in forcing the fluid material through the conduits, a pressure air supply conduit, a plurality of air conduits communicating with said air supply conduit, each air conduit communicating with one of the nozzle units, and means for intermittently discontinuing the passage'of air through said air conduits.

8. Means as claimed in claim 7, combined with a by-pass conduit connected with the pressure air supply conduit for supplying air continuously to the air conduits, and a valve controlling said by-pass conduit.

9. Means as claimed in claim '7, combined with a by-pass conduit connected with the pressure air supply conduit for supplying air continuously to the air conduits, a valve controlling said by-pass conduit, and a conduit for connecting the pressure air conduit with the material supply conduits for blowing out said conduits, and a valve controlling the last mentioned air conduit that leads to the material conduits.

10. In a machine for supplying fluid material for treatment of pavement structures and the like, in combination, a chamber for supplying fluid treatment material, pressure means associated with said chamber for subjecting the said material to pressure, a plurality of material conduits connected with said pressure means and through which the material is forced thereby, a nozzle unit for each of said material conduits through which the material passes to the place of use, each nozzle unit comprising a cut-off instrumentality forclosing the nozzle unit and stoppin the passage of material therethrough, the pressure means aforesaid comprising a relief valve mechanism operable when the passage of the material from a nozzle or nozzles is cutoffto reduce or discontinue the action of the pressure means in forcing the fluid material through the conduits, a pressure air supply conduit, a plurality of air conduits communicating with said air supply conduit, each air conduit communicating with one of the nozzle units, means for intermittently discontinuing the passage of air through said air conduits, valve means on each nozzle unit controllin the passage of air through the nozzle of said unit and operable by the pressure applied to the material passing through the material conduit connected with said nozzle unit.

, 11. A machine as claimed in claim 10, combined with a diaphragm carried by each nozzle unit and responsive to the pressure of the fluid material passing through the material conduit connected to said nozzle unit for the actuation of the nozzle valve mechanism that controls the supply of air to the nozzle unit by means of the air conduit connected therewith.

12. In a machine for supplying flui material for treatment of pavement structures and the like, in combination, a pressure cylinder and piston unit, a chamber for supplying fluid material to said pressure cylinder, a. fluid material conduit leading from the pressure cylinder, a nozzle unit at the end of said conduit opposite that connected to the pressure cylinder for directing the material in the conduit to the point of application thereof, operating means for the piston of said unit comprisinga piston rod structure including a rod section having a valve thereon, the piston having a passage therethrough adapted to be closed by said valve, a second rod section connected to the first rod section carrying the valve, and yieldabl means connecting the said rod sections so that upon predetermined resistance to the movement of the valve by its rod section tending to cause said valve to close the passage in the piston, said valve may open and permit the passage of the material in the cylinder backwardly in the direction of the supply chamber.

13. In a machine for supplying fluid treatment material to subgrade materials of pavement structures and the like, in combination, a chamber for fluid treatment material, pressure means to act on the fluid material of the said chamber, a fluid treatment material supply conduit leading from the pressure means aforesaid, a nozzle unit for said material supply conduit, operating means, an air supply conduit, an air feed conduit connected to the air supply conduit and leading to the nozzle unit for supplying air under pressure to the latter and to the fluid material passing through th latter, automatically operating valve mechanism to intermittently cut ofi the supply of air passing through the air feed conduit to the nozzle for action upon the fluid material passing.

through said nozzle, and an instrumentality controlled by the pressure of the treatment material at said nozzle for governing the supply of pressure air to said nozzle.

14. In a machine for supplying fluid treatment material to subgrade materials of pavement structures and the like, in combination, a chamber for fluid treatment material, pressure means to act on the fluid material of said chamber, a fluid treatment material supply conduit leading from the pressure means aforesaid, a nozzle unit for said material supply conduit, operating means, an air supply conduit, an air' feed conduit connected to the air supply conduit and leading to the nozzle unit for supplying air under pressure to the latter and to the fluid material passing throughthe latter, automatically operating valve mechanism to intermittently cut off the supply of air passing through the air feed conduit to the nozzle for action upon the fluid material passing through said nozzle, and an instrumentality controlled by the pressure of the treatment material at said nozzle for controlling the time when the pressure air is supplied to the nozzle. 1

15. In a machine for supplying fluid treatment material to subgrade materials of pavement structures and the like, in combination, a chamber for fluid treatment material, pressure means to act on the fluid material of the said chamber, a fluid treatment material supply conduit leading from the pressure means aforesaid, a nozzle unit for said material supply conduit, operating means, an air supply conduit, an air feed conduit connected to the air supply conduit and leading to the nozzle unit for supplying air under pressure to the latter and to the fluid material passing through the latter, valve means to control passing of th pressure air through the nozzle, and an instrumentality c0- operable with said last valve means actuated .ment structure, and the like, in combination, a supply chamber for the treatment material, a

fluid treatment supply conduit for conveying treatment material to the subgrade materials which are to be treated, material pressure means for forcing the treatment material through the material supply conduit, air pressure supply,

means and air pressure conduits connecting said pressure air supply means to the material conduit above mentioned, mechanism for intermit tently'cutting off said air supply means, and an instrumentality controlling the cutting off means so that air under pressure issupplied to the material conduit before and after the operation of the pressure meansthat forces the treatment material through the conduit to the point where the treatment material is supplied to the subgrade materials.

17. In a machine for incorporating fluid treat-' ment material in the subgrade materials of pavement structure, and the like, incombinationfe supply chamber for the treatment materialya fluid treatment supply conduit for conveying treatment material to the subgrade materials which are to be treated, material pressure means for forcing the treatment material through the material supply conduit, air pressure supply means and air pressure conduits connecting said pressure air supply means to the material C011, duit above mentioned, mechanism for intermittently cutting ofi said air supply means, an instrumentality controlling the cutting off, means so that air under pressure is supplied to the material conduit before and after the operation of the pressure means that forces the treatment material through the conduit to the point where grade materials, a nozzle connected to the treatment material supply conduit at its outflow end to direct the material passing therethrough to the point of use, and valve means on said nozzle for controlling the issuing of the treatment material therefrom in cooperation with the mechanism for intermittently cutting oifthe air supply means above referred to.

18. In a-machine for incorporating fluid treatment material in the subgrade materialsofpavement structure, and the like, in,combination, a supply chamber for the treatment material, a fluid treatment supply conduit for conveying treatment material to thesubgrade materials which are to be treated, material pressure means for forcing the treatment material through the material supply conduit, air pressure supply means and air pressure conduits connecting said pressure air supply means to the material conduit above mentioned, mechanism for intermittently cutting off said air supply means, an instrumentality controlling the cutting off means so that air under pressure is supplied to. the material conduit before and after the operation of the pressure means that forcesthe treatment material through the conduit to the point where the treatment material is supplied to the subgrade materials, a nozzle connected to the treatment material supply conduit at its outflow end to direct the material passing therethrough to the point of use, valve means on said nozzle for controlling the issuing of the treatment material therefrom incooperation with the mechanism for intermittently cutting off the air supply means above'referred to, and an instrumentality controlled by the building up of pressure of the the treatment material is. supplied to the subtreatment material at the nozzle automatically governing the action of the valve means on the nozzle. I

- JOHN W. POULTER. 

